How to read a balance sheet
A balance sheet is not like a Profit and Loss account, which is a record of the
business transacted in a year and the profits (or losses) produced as a result.
A balance sheet can be of as a photograph, a moment
time (usually the last day
of the company’s financial year) which shows exactly what the business owns.
These may be buildings, cash, stocks or debts, i.e. amounts of money
to the business by customers. A balance sheet may change from one year to the
next if, for example, a company sells one of its factories, if it
more money from its shareholders, if it repays some debt to the bank, or if it
builds up its inventory of goods.
But whatever happens to the composition of the assets of the business, any
overall change in asset is reflected in the balance sheet. There is
one further to be made. Although the principle of a balance sheet is
to have assets on one side and liabilities on the other, the fact is that -
especially for public companies -shareholders want to be able to see what their
in the company is worth.
So a tradition has up which has meant that ‘Creditors’ is actually
moved to the assets side as a negative amount. Structuring the balance sheet
like this is simply a matter of . There is no commercial reason for
presenting it in this way.